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Indonesian to English: Optimalisasi Penggunaan Faktor Produksi Usahatani Jamur Merang di Desa Glagahwero Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Jember Detailed field: Agriculture
Source text - Indonesian RINGKASAN
Desa Glagahwero merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan Panti yang membudidayakan jamur merang. Kecamatan Panti sendiri merupakan salah satu wilayah penghasil jamur terbesar di Kabupaten Jember. Budidaya jamur merang yang dilakukan tergolong sederhana, dimana pekarangan sekitar rumah dijadikan tempat budidaya jamur merang. Hampir pada seluruh rumah penduduk di Desa Glagahwero dapat dijumpai kumbung untuk tempat membudidayakan jamur merang. Hasil produksi usahatani dipengaruhi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi dari usahatani. Penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi tersebut secara langsung akan berpengaruh terhadap hasil produksi. Usahatani jamur merang di Desa Glagahwero menghasilkan produksi jamur merang yang fluktuatif atau tidak menentu, dimana lebih sering terjadi kekurangan produksi. Akibatnya petani tidak dapat memenuhi keseluruhan permintaan jamur merang yang ada, hal ini akan berdampak pada jumlah keuntungan yang diterima petani. Berdasarkan hal tersebut akan diteliti mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi, optimalisasi penggunaan faktor produksi, dan keuntungan yang diterima petani dalam penggunaan faktor produksi secara optimal pada usahatani jamur merang di Desa Glagahwero.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dan analitis. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada seluruh petani jamur merang di Desa Glagahwero. Metode penentuan sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling, dimana sebanyak 32 orang petani jamur merang di Desa Glagahwero seluruhnya dijadikan sebagai sampel. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan proses wawancara dengan menggunakan kuisioner kepada petani jamur merang (data primer) dan studi pustaka untuk mendapatkan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari BPS, Dirjen Hortikultura, dan Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Jember. Analisis yang digunakan untuk mengetahui fakto-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi jamur merang adalah fungsi produksi Cobb Douglass. Analisis optimalisasi penggunaan faktor produksi dilakukan dengan menjadikan efisiensi alokatif sebagai acuan atau nilai perbandingan NPMxi dengan Pxi. Analisis keuntungan pada penggunaan faktor produksi yang optimal dilakukan dengan membandingkan keuntungan yang diterima petani saat menggunakan faktor produksi pada kondisi aktual dan optimal.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: (1) Produksi jamur merang di Desa Glagahwero Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Jember, dipengaruhi oleh variabel luas kumbung (X1), bibit (X2), jerami (X3), dan tenaga kerja (X4). Variabel tersebut memberikan pengaruh yang positif yaitu masing-masing sebesar 0,526; 0,161; 0,247; dan 0,297 terhadap produksi jamur merang di Desa Glagahwero Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Jember. (2) Pengunaan faktor-faktor produksi jamur merang di Desa Glagahwero Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Jember belum optimal dengan nilai rasio antara NPMxi dengan Pxi lebih dari satu, untuk faktor produksi luas kumbung, bibit, jerami, dan tenaga kerja secara berturut-turut sebesar 3,57; 3,03; 1,42; dan 3,09. Sehingga diperlukan penambahan input agar tercapai optimalisasi penggunaan faktor produksi. (3) Keuntungan yang diperoleh petani jamur merang dengan menggunakan input optimal sebesar Rp 18.301.208,85 lebih besar dari keuntungan yang diperoleh petani jamur merang pada penggunaan input aktual sebesar Rp 4.058.334,13.
Translation - English SUMMARY
Glagahwero village was one of the villages in Panti sub-district that cultivated mushroom. Panti sub-district itself was one of the largest mushroom producing areas in Jember regency. Straw Mushroom cultivation was done quite simple, where the yard around the house could be used as a place of Straw Mushroom cultivation. Almost all the houses in the village of Glagahwero had kumbung as place for cultivating Straw Mushroom. The production result of farming was depended on factors influencing the production of farming. The use of these production factors would directly affect the production result. Straw Mushroom farming in Glagahwero village produced a fluctuating or erratic Straw Mushroom production, which was more common in lacking production. As a result, farmers could not meet the demand of all Straw Mushroom. It would affect the amount of profit received by farmers. Based on this, it would be researched about the factors influencing the production, the optimization of the use of production factors, and the profit received by farmers in the optimal use of production factors on Straw Mushroom farming in Glagahwero Village.
The used research methods were descriptive and analytical. This research was conducted on all Straw Mushroom farmers in Glagahwero Village. The used sampling method was total sampling, where as many as 32 Straw Mushroom farmers in Glagahwero village were all used as samples. The used data collection method was interview by using questionnaire to Straw Mushroom farmers (primary data) and literature study to get secondary data was obtained from BPS, Director General of Horticulture, and Agriculture Office of Jember Regency. The analysis used to determine the factors influencing the production of Straw Mushroom was Cobb Douglass production function. Optimization analysis of the use of production factors was done by making allocative efficiency as a reference or comparison value of NPMxi with Pxi. The profit analysis on the optimal use of production factors was done by comparing the benefits received by farmers when using the production factors on the actual and optimal conditions.
The research result indicated that: (1) The production of Straw Mushroom in Glagahwero village, Panti sub-district of Jember regency, was influenced by wide kumbung variable (X1), seed (X2), straw (X3), and labor (X4). These variables gave a positive effect; it was 0,526; 0,161; 0,247; and 0,297 to the Straw Mushroom production in Glagahwero village, Panti sub-district, Jember regency. (2) The use of Straw Mushroom production factors in Glagahwero village, Panti sub-district of Jember Regency was not optimal yet with the ratio value between NPMxi with Pxi that was more than one. For the production factor of kumbung, seed, straw, and labor area were 3,57; 3,03; 1,42; And 3,09. Therefore, it required additional input in order to achieve optimization of use of production factor. (3) The profit gained by Straw Mushroom farmers by using the optimal input was Rp 18.301.208,85 which was greater than the profit obtained by Straw Mushroom farmers on the use of actual input of Rp 4.058.334,13.
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