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Sample translations submitted: 1
English to Chinese: Fan zesi's translation excerpt of 《武士道》Bushido General field: Art/Literary Detailed field: Poetry & Literature
Source text - English (How one must bow in accosting others, how he must walk and sit,) were taught and learned with utmost care. Table manners grew to be a science. Tea serving and drinking were raised to ceremony. A man of education is, of course, expected to be master of all these. Very fitly does Mr Veblen, in his interesting book, call decorum “a product and an exponent of the leisure-class life.
I have heard slighting remarks made by Europeans upon our elaborate discipline of politeness. It has been criticised as absorbing too much of our thought and in so far a folly to observe strict obedience to it. I admit that there may be unnecessary niceties in ceremonious etiquette, but whether it partakes as much of folly as the adherence to ever-changing fashions of the West, is a question not very clear to my mind. Even fashions I do not consider solely as freaks of vanity; on the contrary, I look upon these as a ceaseless search of the human mind for the beautiful. Much less do I consider elaborate ceremony as altogether trivial; for it denotes the result of long observation as to the most appropriate method of achieving a certain result. If there is anything to do, there is certainly a best way to do it, and the best way is both the most economical and the most graceful. Mr. Spencer defines grace as the most economical manner of motion. The tea ceremony presents certain definite ways of manipulating a bowl, a spoon, a napkin, etc. To a novice it looks tedious. But one soon discovers that the way prescribed is, after all the most saving of time and labour; in other words, the most economical use of force, —— hence, according to Spencer’s dictum, the most graceful.
The spiritual significance of social decorum——or,I might say, to borrow from the vocabulary of the "Philosophy of Clothes,” the spiritual discipline of which etiquette and ceremony are mere outward garments-is out of all proportion to what their appearance warrants us in believing. I might follow the example of Mr. Spencer and trace in our ceremonial institutions their origins and the moral motives that gave rise to them but that is not what I shall endeavour to do in this book. It is the moral training involved in strict observance of propriety, that I wish to emphasise.
I have said that etiquette was elaborated into the finest niceties, so much so that different schools, advocating different systems, came into existence. But they all united in the ultimate essential, and this was put by a great exponent of the best known school of etiquette, the Ogasawara, in the following terms: “The end of all etiquette is to so cultivate your mind that even when you are quietly seated, not the roughest ruffian can dare make onset on your person.” It means, in other words, that by constant exercise in correct manners, one brings all the parts and faculties of his body into perfect order and into such harmony with itself and its environment as to express the mastery of spirit over the flesh. What a new and deep significance the French word biensèance comes to contain.
Translation - Chinese （与他人搭话时人应如何鞠躬、如何行走、如何端坐，）诸如此类的礼仪得到了极其认真的传授和学习。餐桌礼仪逐渐成为一门科学，侍茶和饮茶之道被升格成一种仪式。有教养的人确实应熟练掌握上述所有礼仪。凡勃伦先生(Mr Veblen)在一本饶有趣味的书中，恰如其分地称：得体的举止“源于并代表了有闲阶级的生活”。
我们日本人在礼貌方面复杂的规矩，我听说欧洲人对此态度轻蔑。有批判言论指出，我们的礼貌吸收了太多日本思想，而我们则按照这种愚蠢的礼貌严格行事。我承认，我们的礼仪细节繁多，难免冗余，但崇尚西方那种时常变化的时尚潮流是否同样愚蠢？对此我尚无定论。我甚至并不将西方时尚仅仅看做是虚无的狂热；反之，我认为西方时尚反映了人类思维对美的不断追求。我更不会认为，复杂的礼节并不重要；反之，礼节的要义在于：礼节是通过长期观察发现的，是达成某种结果的最适合的方法。做任何事，定有其最佳完成方法，即最经济、最优雅的方法。斯宾塞先生(Mr. Spencer)将优雅定义为最简洁的动作。日本茶道包括了日本人使用茶碗、茶勺、餐巾等物品的特定方法。对于新手而言，日本茶道似乎单调乏味。但是人们很快就会发现，既定的方式至少是最省时省力的，即：这种方式最节省气力。因此，根据前述斯宾塞先生的名言，既定礼仪最为优雅。
对于得体的社会礼仪而言（借用“着装哲学”的术语：得体的社会礼仪是一种精神规矩，而礼貌礼仪仅仅是其外在表现），其精神意义与礼貌礼仪给我们产生的表面印象相比完全不匹配。其实我亦可仿照斯宾塞先生的做法，追溯日本礼仪体系的起源和产生该体系的道德动机，但这并非我在本书中的着力点。我希望强调的是严格遵守礼仪之得体所涉及的品性涵养。
我说过，各种细致入微的优雅组成了复杂的日本礼仪，并产生了不同的礼仪流派，而每种流派倡导不同礼仪体系。即便如此，不同的礼仪流派在其最终本质上都是一致的。最著名的小笠原礼仪流派将这种本质总结如下：“所有礼仪均旨在培育人之思想，使人即便在静坐之时，都不会让粗鄙至极者胆敢对其做出不敬的举动”。意即：人若通过正确的方式并不断进行锻炼，便可使全身及官能进入完美的状态，使自身和环境产生融合，显示对自身肉体的精神掌控。法语单词biensèance便包含了这一全新而深刻的含义。
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Years of experience: 9. Registered at ProZ.com: Feb 2019.
I am an experienced translator and interpreter and a member of Translators Association of China. I have one published translation, Just taxes (320,000 words),and I have obtained national professional qualification of translation and interpretation proficiency.
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