Márcia Francisco (asker) Feb 27, 2020:

@Mark @Ana Trata-se de um relatório de um auditor.
O Banco apresenta na rubrica da Capital Próprio "Diferenças de reavaliação cambial" o montante de XXXX referente a valias cambiais não realizadas e na Demonstração de Resultados no montante de XXXX, referente a valias cambiais realizadas.

Num documento relacionado, encontrei omissões por parte da tradutor aquando o aparecimento deste termo, ou então referências a currency appreciation (por exemplo)

Ana Vozone Feb 27, 2020:

@Márcia Peço-lhe que inclua mais contexto uma vez que a dúvida suscitada pelo colega Mark é totalmente relevante e importa distinguir.

Ana Vozone Feb 27, 2020:

@Mark Capital and income are different things, right?
https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-capital...
Why don't you post your suggestion, let's see what our colleagues have to say.

Mark Robertson Feb 27, 2020:

@Ana Why is the gain/loss here a capital gain/loss rather than an income gain/loss?

Your reference is clear that both types exist:

"Because the Income Tax Act does not have specific rules for determining whether a foreign exchange gain or loss is on income or capital account, the basic principles of determining income from a business or property must be applied.

A gain/loss arising from the purchase or sale abroad of business-related goods or services is on account of income.

If the gain/loss arises as a result of the purchase or sale of capital assets, it is a capital gain or loss. In most cases, gains or losses on income are 100% taxable or 100% deductible. Capital gains are 50% taxable, and capital losses are 50% deductible against capital gains, with carry-forward and carry-back provisions.

Foreign exchange gains or losses on income account are normally included in income for tax purposes on an accrual basis. Foreign exchange gains or losses on capital account are usually reported for tax purposes when they're actually realized."

Wouldn't it be safer to translate valia as gain/loss without specifying whether it is capital or income?