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Indonesian to English: How to make Natural Dyes Indigofera General field: Science Detailed field: Textiles / Clothing / Fashion
Source text - Indonesian Cara membuat pasta indigo : (untuk pembuatan 1kg pasta)
1. Pilih daun Indigo (Indigofera) yang segar (kurang lebih 7-9kg).
2. Rendam daun indigo segar dalam air (usahakan daun indigo benar-benar terendam air) selama 2 hari.
3. Saring larutan yang terbentuk, tuangkan pada bak/ember yang berbeda.
4. Masukkan Air Kapur, lalu lakukan proses pengkeburan/aerasi (bisa dilakukan dengan cara mengambil larutan dengan gayung lalu menuangkan larutan kembali ke ember dari ketinggian hingga menimbulkan buih-buih). Proses Pengkeburan/aerasi ini dilakukan hingga buih-buih yang tercipta menghilang, dan larutan hijau berubah menjadi biru.
5. Diamkan larutan biru yang tercipta selama satu hari hingga tercipta endapan berwarna biru pekat.
6. Buang larutan bening diatasnya, ambil endapan berwana biru di bagian bawah yang sudah menjadi Pasta Indigo.
Translation - English How to make a paste of indigo: (for the manufacture of 1kg pasta)
1. Select the Indigo (Indigofera) fresh leaves (approximately 7-9kg).
2. Fresh indigo leaves soak in water (try indigo leaves completely submerged in water) for 2 days.
3. Filter the solution formed, pour in the different
tub/ bucket.
4. Enter the Limewater (solution of calcium oxide), then do the aeration (can be done by taking the solution with a scoop and pour the solution back into the bucket of height to cause spume). Aeration proccess is done if the spume that created already disappear, and the green solution turned blue.
5. Let stand the blue solution for a day to create a darkblue precipitate.
6. Flue clear solution on top, grab the blue colored precipitate at the bottom that has become Indigo Pasta.
English to Indonesian: Pentingnya pengujian beton General field: Tech/Engineering Detailed field: Construction / Civil Engineering
Source text - English The importance of testing concrete
Concrete is tested to ensure that the material that was specified and bought is the same material delivered to the job site. There are a dozen different test methods for freshly mixed concrete and at least another dozen tests for hardened concrete, not including test methods unique to organizations like the Army Corps of Engineers, the Federal Highway Administration, and state departments of transportation.
The most common tests for fresh concrete
Slump, air content, unit weight and compressive strength tests are the most common tests.
* Slump is a measure of consistency, or relative ability of the concrete to flow. If the concrete can't flow because the consistency or slump is too low, there are potential problems with proper consolidation. If the concrete won't stop flowing because the slump is too high, there are potential problems with mortar loss through the formwork, excessive formwork pressures, finishing delays and segregation.
* Air content measures the total air content in a sample of fresh concrete, but does not indicate what the final in-place air content will be, because a certain amount of air is lost in transportation, consolidating, placement and finishing. Three field tests are widely specified: the pressure meter and volumetric method are ASTM standards and the Chace Indicator is an AASHTO procedure.
* Unit weight measures the weight of a known volume of fresh concrete.
* Compressive strength is tested by pouring cylinders of fresh concrete and measuring the force needed to break the concrete cylinders at proscribed intervals as they harden. According to Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (ACI 318), as long as no single test is more than 500 psi below the design strength and the average of three consecutive tests equals or exceed the design strength then the concrete is acceptable. If the strength tests don't meet these criteria, steps must be taken to raise the average.
Controlling the strength of concrete
The easiest way to add strength is to add cement. The factor that most predominantly influences concrete strength is the ratio of water to cement in the cement paste that binds the aggregates together. The higher this ratio is, the weaker the concrete will be and vice versa. Every desirable physical property that you can measure will be adversely effected by adding more water.
After 28 days the concretes strength can be tested
Concrete hardens and gains strength as it hydrates. The hydration process continues over a long period of time. It happens rapidly at first and slows down as time goes by. To measure the ultimate strength of concrete would require a wait of several years. This would be impractical, so a time period of 28 days was selected by specification writing authorities as the age that all concrete should be tested. At this age, a substantial percentage of the hydration has taken place.
Translation - Indonesian Pentingnya pengujian betonb
Beton diuji untuk memastikan bahwa material yang ditentukan dan bahan yang dibeli sama dengan yang dikirimkan ke tempat kerja. Ada selusin cara uji yang berbeda untuk campuran beton baru dan setidaknya selusin lagi tes untuk beton yang sudah mengeras, ini tidak termasuk metode pengujian yang khusus dari organisasi seperti Army Corps of Engineers, Federal Highway Administration, dan DPU.
Tes yang paling umum untuk beton segar
Keencer, kandungan udara, bobot dan uji kekuatan tekan adalah pengujian yang paling umum .
* Keencer adalah ukuran dari konsistensi, atau kemampuan relatif beton mengalir . Jika beton tidak dapat mengalir karena konsistensi atau keeceran terlalu rendah , ada potensi masalah dengan pencampuran yang tepat. Jika beton tidak berhenti mengalir karena terlalu encer , ada potensi masalah dengan kehilangan adonan semen yang melewati bekisting, tekanan yang berlebihan pada bekisting, lamanya pengeringan dan segregasi .
* Kandungan udara adalah ukuran total isi udara dalam sampel beton segar , tetapi tidak menunjukkan kandungan udara beton jadi, karena sejumlah udara hilang dalam transportasi, pencampuran, penempatan dan finishing. Tiga uji lapangan yang ditentukan secara umum adalah: pengukuran tekanan dan metode volumetrik standar ASTM dan Chace Indicator prosedur AASHTO.
* Bobot adalah ukuran berat dari tiap volume beton baru.
* Kekuatan tekan diuji dengan menuangkan silinder beton baru dan mengukur gaya yang dibutuhkan untuk memecahkan silinder beton pada interval yang ditentukan saat mengeras. Menurut Kaidah Persyaratan Bangunan untuk Beton Bertulang ( ACI 318 ) , selama tidak ada tes tunggal lebih dari 500 psi di bawah kekuatan yang direncanakan dan rata-rata dari tiga tes berturut-turut sama dengan atau melebihi kekuatan yang direncanakan maka beton dapat diterima. Jika tes kekuatan tidak memenuhi kriteria ini, langkah-langkah harus diambil untuk meningkatkan rata-rata .
Mengontrol kekuatan beton
Cara termudah untuk menambah kekuatan adalah dengan menambahkan semen. Faktor yang paling dominan yang mempengaruhi kekuatan beton adalah rasio air semen dalam pasta semen yang mengikat agregat bersama-sama. Semakin tinggi rasio ini, akan semakin lemah beton dan sebaliknya. Setiap sifat fisik yang diinginkan yang dapat diukur akan berpengaruh negatif dengan menambahkan lebih banyak air.
Setelah 28 hari kekuatan beton dapat diuji
Beton mengeras dan mencapai kekuatannya karena mengering. Proses pengeringan berlanjut selama jangka waktu yang panjang. Hal ini terjadi dengan cepat pada awalnya dan melambat seiring berjalannya waktu. Untuk mengukur kekuatan utama dari beton akan memerlukan penantian beberapa tahun. Ini akan menjadi tidak praktis, sehingga jangka waktu 28 hari dipilih oleh para ahli sebagai usia dimana semua jenis beton harus diuji. Pada usia ini, telah terjadi pengeringan dengan persentase yang besar.
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Years of experience: 18. Registered at ProZ.com: Jan 2014.
English to Indonesian (Himpunan Penerjemah Indonesia (Association of Indonesian Translators)) Indonesian to English (Himpunan Penerjemah Indonesia (Association of Indonesian Translators)) Javanese to Indonesian (Himpunan Penerjemah Indonesia (Association of Indonesian Translators)) Indonesian to Javanese (Himpunan Penerjemah Indonesia (Association of Indonesian Translators)) English to Javanese (Himpunan Penerjemah Indonesia (Association of Indonesian Translators))
Javanese to English (Himpunan Penerjemah Indonesia (Association of Indonesian Translators))
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Adobe Acrobat, Adobe Photoshop, AutoCAD, Dreamweaver, Indesign, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Office Pro, Microsoft Word, transtool, Pagemaker, Powerpoint
I am a young man who is very interested in the wider world. During my career I have been to pursue a wide range of areas of work, ranging from jobs which are best suited to my course of Agricultural Engineering, up to my hobby of Information Technology.
It keeps me connected with the wide range of characteristics. And it is this that underlies me to further develop my skills in Translations. Many of my clients are people overseas who demanded that I can speak foreign languages, especially English. Where this language has become my everyday language in my jobs besides using Indonesian and Javanese.
Would be very happy if my skills can be valuable by companies that requires interpreter services. In addition your company will be more widely known in foreign countries, also provide more value to me in terms of experience and financial. I am ready to translate your trouble.
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